Archive for the ‘Jewelry Terminology’ Category

What is Sterling Silver?

Sunday, September 20th, 2009

Silver has a very long and wonderful history as a precious metal. Long before white gold or platinum jewelry was made, silver was used in some of the most beautiful ancient jewelry work. Ancient man smelted silver in 3000 BC! Considering silver melts at 1763 F., so that was quite an accomplishment long ago.
 

Did you ever wonder what the term sterling silver means?  Silver itself is an element, which can be found in the periodic table. Great Britain was a key power in the creation and use of Sterling Silver. The British set the 92.5% standard for sterling. This practice dates to ancient Britain, about 1100 AD By 1300, the term Sterling was established. Trial and error proved copper (another element) to be the best metal to add to silver to provide strength and durability.
 

Today Sterling Silver usually means a silver alloy with 92.5% Silver and the remaining 7.5% copper. In very recent years, we have seen other metals substituted for the copper in an effort to reduce tarnishing. Owners of sterling items know that over time silver has a tendency to darken. Sterling silver tea or dinner sets will require many hours of polishing to keep it bright and shinny. Certain chemically treated cloths are safe enough to use and will remove tarnish from silver and this saves a lot of labor.  There is also the old trick of placing the item in very hot water on an aluminum plate (or the shinny side of aluminum foil) with a cup of baking soda.  The item MUST make contact with the aluminum or it will not work.


Sterling Silver an excellent metal for jewelry manufacture. It is the brightest of all metals and it is very easy to work with.  It’s really low cost (As of this writing, the silver market is $17.11 per ounce, platinum is $1337.00 per once) allows a jeweler to make sophisticated items that sell for a price point aimed at those of moderate income, a far larger market than say, platinum jewelry.


Sterling by nature will cast or fabricate well with simple equipment. Wire making, wire wrapping, bending, stamping and finishing are all reasonably easy with sterling silver. Many findings like clasps and beads and crimp beads are readily  available in sterling silver. “Bali Beads” are very intricate and beautiful sterling silver beads, made by hand by Balinese craftsmen and are available in all sizes and shapes.   These beads are commonly used by jewelry designers when they are crafting necklaces their specialty lines.
Here are a few of our pieces with Bali beads.

RoslynEleanor earringsEleanor necklace

 

What is Gold Filled?

Monday, September 14th, 2009

Gold Filled:  Gold filled is an actual layer of gold, pressure bonded to another metal.  You will some times hear people refer to Gold filled as “Rolled Gold”.  Gold filled is not the same as gold plated jewelry. Gold filled jewelry literally has 100% more gold than gold plated jewelry.  Gold filled is much more valuable and tarnish resistant.  It does not flake off, rub off or turn colors.  In fact, anyone who can wear gold, can wear gold filled without worries of any allergic reaction to the jewelry.  Gold filled jewelry is an economical alternative to solid gold.  Just like solid gold, gold filled jewelry comes in 14kt, 12kt and 10kt.

The content of gold filled jewelry is regulated by the U.S. government:  Gold filled items vastly superior to gold plated jewelry which has no regulations at all.  Gold filled jewelry is made from solid gold and filled with other alloys such as brass.  Gold filled wears, looks and lasts like solid gold because its outer surface IS solid gold.  Everything you can see and touch is pure gold.  The jewelry industry requires that the quantity of gold in gold filled items of 14kt , 12kt & 10kt must be at least 1/20th by weight of the total product. 

It will last a life time:  Gold-Filled items are generally considered heirloom quality, because the gold layer will not wear off, as it will with electroplated products.  Gold filled jewelry will be purchased more often in the future because it offers all the same characteristics as solid gold such as strength, durability and beauty….but at a fraction of the cost!

How to care for your Gold Filled jewelry:  Caring for Gold Filled items is as easy as caring for any gold jewelry. Simply keep away from chemicals, clean regularly with mildly sudsy water, rinse well and pat dry with a non-scratching cloth. Polish gently with a jewelry polishing cloth.Here are some of our Gold Filled pieces Neptune's DoubloonsBarbarabarbara earringsNeptune's Doubloons

 

 

What is Maille & Where Did It Come From?

Tuesday, March 3rd, 2009

The word Maille is derived from French meaning “mesh”, which comes from the Latin word “macula” meaning “mesh”.  Most people today use Maille or Chainmaille when referring to jewelry pieces to keep it from being confused with posted letters, “mail”, or types letters that are sent from one person to the other called “chain mail”.

 
Maille (also known as chainmail, chainmaille, chain mail, or chain maille), is a flexible weave  composed of small interlocking metal rings or loops of chain. Maille was historically used as armor from the 1st  millennium B.C. until the late 14th century, when it was gradually replaced by plate armor.  Maille was developed independently in both eastern and western cultures. It is used today for industrial armor, combat reenactment, jewelry, fashion design, and sculpture.
 
Most sources claim Maille to be an invention of the Celts but I have recently read an article that attributes the invention to an ancient people call the Scythians. It was used around the world as material-efficient armor for several centuries, until the introduction of plate armor around the 16th century.
 
Many of the patterns developed for chainmaille were so intricate and beautiful that jewelry was made from lighter rings using these patterns.  Many people own Chainmaille jewelry and don’t even know it.  If you own a Byzantine chain, then you own a piece of Chainmaille jewelry.  The Byzantine pattern is just one of many that is used to create Chainmaille jewelry.   In the next post on Maille we will give the different categories of weaves and a description of their characteristics.

 
Today, very few examples of ancient mail survive. The vast bulk of maille was broken up, and used as scouring pads through the late Middle Ages.

Styles of Chain used in Jewelry Making

Wednesday, February 25th, 2009
Cable chain is the most commonly used extender chain on jewelry.  Cable chain has uniform round links.  This is the chain pictured when most people think about how chain looks.  Because the links are going one way and then the other when they are connected the chain will not lay flat.   

Rolo chain is similar to the basic cable chain in that it is formed by linking placing the links one after the other.  Where it differs from cable chain is that it’s links are formed from half round wire of different gauges and not round wire.  This gives the chain a heavier look than cable chain using less silver content.  Also, Rolo chain can have oval or round links.

 Curb chain is made of oval links that are slightly twisted so that the chain lays flat when the links are linked together.

Figaro or 3 and 1 chain is made from one long curb link followed by short curb links.  The common chain is one long link followed by three short links and the pattern is repeated.  There are 1 and 2 and 1 and 1 link variations to this style.  The common theme though is the one elongated link followed by one or more curb links.

 Long and Short chain consists of a patter where there is one long oval link combined with shorter links.  The patterns will vary, some will have two, three or even four short links in-between the long links. It differs from the figaro because it does not lay flat since curb links are not used. Sometimes to enhance the patterns overall look, links made of twisted wire will be used in conjunction with plain wire links.  This gives the chain a textured look.

Figure “8″ chain is made from large curb links connected to each other by a smaller oval link that has been twisted into a figure “8″.  This makes a good extender chain because it is strong, lays flat and had large links to accommodate a clasp.

Most of these chains can be used as extender chain if their links are large enough to allow you to insert a lobster claw or spring ring clasp but the most commonly used are the Cable, Curb, Figaro and Figure ”8″ chain

Bali Beads, Pendants & Findings Part II

Tuesday, February 24th, 2009

In small work shops far removed from urban cultures sterling silver artisans produce these pendants, beads and findings one at a time. It is done by hand using Charcoal fires to produce heat with hand-powered air pumps much like many of the blacksmiths down through the ages. A person can gently bring metals up to their melting temperatures, red hot shaping temperatures, and even do soldering.

These artisans blend copper and silver into a material that often has more silver in it than ordinary sterling silver making it easier to shape into the intricate patterns. Sterling silver must have at least 92.5% silver in it. The Bali items are often made with silver that is 95% silver or more. This helps the artisans do their best work. It also meets or exceeds the quality requirements of every nation.

The silver is then drawn and beaten into sheet and wire. Silver is first smelted into a pencil like shape. Then it can be beaten with hand tools into large diameter wire. That wire can be pulled through plates with holes that squeeze the wire smaller as it is pulled through each smaller hole. From time to time the silver might be reheated to soften it for easier work. Silver does harden quite a bit as you work it.

The wire is finally taken to its final size. It is then is cut to length and pushed and pulled into shapes. Other tiny bits naturally melt into tiny spheres, which are later separated by size. Now we have our pattern parts. Previously it was mentioned that the silver was beaten into sheets. Those sheets are cut and shaped into the overall shape of the pendant. Other sheets are cut and used to make the bezels that hold stones in place. Still more silver sheet can be used to form into the bails for the pendants.

Once all this is made the parts can be soldered together by the artists. Now we get to the true artistry, the ability to form these parts in pleasing patterns that gently echo culture and a universally decorative beautiful style. The parts are arranged on the sheet silver. Tiny bits of silver solder are used to firmly attach or weld the parts into place. Each is heated just enough. Then the pendant can be polished. Finally the gemstones that might be called for in the design are set. Final polishing is done and our Bali pendant is ready for export all over the world to jewelry makers who will make jewelry from them to grace your neck, arms or ears.

Bali beads and findings are done in the same manner, just in a smaller scale. When you see these items in your jewelry, be sure to reflect on the skilled hands that have created these little pieces of art. As you wear the jewelry, you can be comforted by the knowledge that the money you spent on this purchase is going to support true artists in the modern age. This is truly the best of global commerce. Just a note, you will sometimes see “Bali Style” instead of just the word “Bali” to describe the pendant or beads used in a piece of jewelry. It doesn’t mean that they are not artisan created, it just means it was not made in Bali. India is one of the other nations that have artisans that make beautiful pendants and beads, but if the item was made in India then it must say “Bali Style” not “Bali”. The Hill Tribes of Thailand also make very beautiful silver beads and pendants. We will tell you their story in future blog posts.

Here are a few of our pieces with these hand made works of art.

Flowers on a RopeRoslynEleanoreEleanore earringsVictoria

Bali Beads, Pendants & Findings Part I

Sunday, February 22nd, 2009

Have you seen the term ”Bali” sterling silver pendants, beads or findings used in descriptions of jewelry? Have you ever wondered why the jeweler found it necessary to point this out?  Well, it is not only to let you know these pieces were made in Bali, it is to let you know that these pieces are a true work of art on their own.  These pieces are beautiful when you look at the whole piece overall. Yet if you look closer you will see they cleverly contain beautiful patterns made of countless tiny parts. Little solid beads, little circles, and runs of shaped wire all provide depth and detail. Some might assume these are commercially cast pieces that are from a master rubber mold or die. If look closely you will see that nothing could be further from the truth. The truth is far more interesting and shows us the best work of artistic people from far away places. Here is a hint for seeing the difference-Look for small variations in the patterns. Those variations are a result of hands at work. Not coldly consistent machinery. Hand made work varies a bit. Machine work is like making coins, all identical.

In the countryside of Bali sterling silver artisans using centuries old methods have learned to produce these pendants  & beads and handed it down generation to generation. Even the method used to manufacture these items make it true handwork. Charcoal is used to produce heat with hand-powered air pumps much like the blacksmiths of the horse and carriage times in the USA. A person can gently bring metals up to their melting temperatures, red hot shaping temperatures, and even do soldering.
These artisans blend copper and silver into a material that often has more silver in it than ordinary sterling silver. Sterling silver must have at least 92.5% silver in it. The Bali style items are often made with silver that is 95% silver or more. This helps the artisans do their best work. It also meets or exceeds the quality requirements of every nation.

In part II we will go into the actual making of the pendant or bead in more detail.

Here are a few pieces we have made with Bali components.

Paua tear dropsButterfly Rain

Vermeil

Friday, February 20th, 2009

Pronunciation: ver-MA (the A is a long A)
 
 An industry product may be described or marked as “vermeil” if it consists of a base of sterling silver coated or plated on all significant surfaces with gold, or gold alloy of not less than 10 karat fineness, that is of substantial thickness and a minimum thickness throughout equivalent to two and one half (2 1/2) microns (or approximately 100/l,000,000ths of an inch) of fine gold.  The term vermeil cannot be used if the sterling is covered with a base metal before being coated with gold unless the presence of the base metal is disclosed.
So when you see the term Vermeil used to describe a piece of jewelry you know that it is ALL precious metal.  This makes it more valuable than plated jewelry.

Why do we Specify “Paua” Shell?

Thursday, February 19th, 2009

Paua is the most colorful shell in the world, other abalone have some color, but not the brilliance of Paua.  So we distinguish the Paua shell to let you know that it is made from the New Zealand mollusk and not just any abalone.  Paua is only found in the waters around New Zealand. 

There are three types of Paua:  

Paua – Haliotis Iris  

The largest, commonest and best known of our species. The shellfish is black and the interior of the shell has cloudy waves of rainbow colors with blues and green being dominant. The shells were used by the Maori to add a gleam of life to the eyes in their carved figures. Today we process them into attractive jewelry and gifts.  

Silver Paua – Haliotis Australis  

  

A smaller species readily distinguished by the silvery luster of the inside, the cross ridging of the outside and by the yellowish color of the animal when found alive. It lives in the same localities as the large paua but is not so common.  

Virgin Paua – Haliotis virginea  

  

A much smaller and rarer shell, this paua occurs as two subspecies, one from the southern areas and one from the north. Both are most attractive and strongly colored shells. The shellfish is a dirty whitish color and is not often seen alive.  

Paua are marine monovalve mollusks that eat seaweed and live clinging to rocks at depths of 1 – 10 meters. They can be found around most of the NZ rocky shoreline. However, the larger and finer specimens, are found in the cold waters around Stewart Island and Southland. This is where we get the shells used in the making of our jewelry as their color is more vibrant.  

The holes in the shell are for breathing and reproduction. Starfish are the Paua’s most formidable predator as they have learnt to suffocate the Paua by putting their tentacles over the breathing holes thus forcing the paua to let go of the rock.  

Environmentally sound and sustainable management practices of the paua fisheries are in place in New Zealand. There is a quota system, which is strictly enforced for the gathering of paua by both commercial and individual fishermen. No compressed air diving is allowed in the filling of these quotas. All paua gathered must be at least 125mm (5 inches) in size. There are stiff penalties for those caught removing undersize shells.  

 

 

Here are a few of our designs with Paua Shell

Surfer GirlSurfer Girl - 2Surfer Girl - 3Neptune's Garden anklet